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Age = 4 to 6 weeks
1. Baby can regard face and look and watch you.
2. Baby responds and smiles spontaneously back at you when you talk and smile to the baby.
3. Baby can follow the movement of an object to mid line, from one side to facing directly forwards.
4. Baby responds to a bell sound that is outside his line of vision and which he cannot see.
5. Baby vocalizes and makes sounds other than crying, such as small throaty sounds
6. Baby moves arms and legs equally while lying on back.
7. Baby can lift head momentarily off the surface when placed on stomach.
Age = 3 to 4 months
1. Baby is more aware of his environment and reacts to conversations and sounds around him.
2. Baby can respond to caregiver's voice by quietening down when crying
3. Baby can follow the movement of an object past mid line, from one side to the opposite side.
4. Baby develops an awareness of own body and can touch his own hands together at the mid-line of the body.
5. Baby can grasp the rattle in the hand for a few seconds.
6. Baby recognizes familiar objects like toys.
7. Baby understands routines like feeding time.
8. Baby can keep head upright when in held in a sitting position
9. Baby can lift head up approximately 45 degrees when placed on stomach.
Age = 6 to 10 months
1. Baby displays excitement on seeing a toy.
2. Baby works for a toy out of reach by stretching his arms or body.
3. Baby reacts to stranger and is shy or wary.
4. Baby can follow the movement of an object 180 degrees from one side, past the mid-line and right over to the other side.
5. Baby is able to focus on small objects like a nut, placed in front of him on the table.
6. Baby can reach for an object and pick up a toy within his reach.
7. Baby will look for an object that has fallen out of his line of vision.
8. Baby can pass something small from one hand to the other hand.
9. Baby has finger-thumb grasp and can pick up a nut by bringing together any part of the thumb and any one finger.
10. Baby laughs out loud without being tickled.
11. Baby turns towards the side of high pitch soft sounds which are made out of sight.
12. Baby turns towards the side of low pitch soft sounds which are made out of sight.
13. Baby makes single syllables sounds, consisting of a consonant and vowel, like "ba", "da", "ga", "ma".
14. Baby imitates sounds like coughing and other speech sounds.
15. Baby can lift head and chest up 90 degrees when placed on stomach so that he is looking straight ahead
16. Baby can sit steadily in an upright position with head upright.
17. Baby is able to sit alone for more than 5 seconds without external support.
18. When baby is gently pulled to a sitting position by his wrists, he is able to hold his neck and head stiffly in line with the body.
19. Baby is able to roll over from stomach to back or back to stomach.
20. Baby is able to bear some weight on his legs for a few seconds.
21. When baby is placed on his stomach, he can support himself with his outstretched arms and lift his head and chest up so that his face is looking straight ahead and the chest is well lifted away from the surface.
22. Baby can stand holding on to a chair or table for more than 5 seconds.
23. Baby can pull himself to a standing position without help.
Age = 15 to 18 months
1. The child can indicate what he wants by gestures and making speech-like sounds, without crying or whining.
2. The child imitates household activities
3. The child can hold a regular cup and drink from it without spilling much.
4. The child has pincer grasp and can pick up a small object like a nut, using only the ends of his thumbs and index finger.
5. The child can scribble on the paper when given a pencil.
6. The child can build a tower of 2 or more cubes, one on top of the other, without the blocks falling.
7. The child uses the word "Papa" and "Mama" specifically.
8. The child can point to at least 2 parts of his own body when asked.
9. The child can say at least three words other than "Papa/Mama", which means the same thing each time he uses them.
10. The child can stand alone, without having to hold on to something, for ten seconds or more.
11. The child can walk well with good balance, rarely falls and does not sway from side to side.
12. The child can walk up several steps of the staircase by himself without or without using the wall or rail for support but without holding on to a person.
13. The child responds to sounds even when the source is not within his sight, eg calling of his names, ringing of the telephone
14. The child can wave bye bye
15. The child can clap hands
Age = 2 to 3 years
1. The child can completely remove any of his own clothing.
2. The child can put on any of his own clothing.
3. The child plays imaginatively with toys. For example pretending to dress the doll.
4. The child can name friends and uses a friend's name when referring or speaking to the friend.
5. The child can build a tower of 4, 6 or 8 cubes, one on top of the other, without the blocks falling.
6. The child can imitate and draw a vertical line
7. When shown two lines, 4 and 5cm long, side by side on a card, the child can point to the longer line when asked to do so.
8. When shown 5 black and white drawn picture cards of a dog, bird, fish, bus and baby, the child can point to and name 2 pictures and 4 pictures correctly.
9. The child can combine at least 2 words to make a meaningful phrase that indicate an action like "play ball", "want drink".
10. The child knows his name, age and sex, and he can answer correctly 2 out of 3 questions when asked.
12. The child can walk up and walk down several steps of the staircase by himself without holding on to a person, though he may use the wall or rail for support.
13. Without holding on to any support, the child can kick a small ball forwards.
14. Without holding on to any support, the child can jump up with both feet off the floor at the same time.
15. The child can throw a small ball overhand, straight towards the catcher with reasonable aim.
16. The child can speak in sentences with 4 syllables
Age = 4 to 6 years
1. The child uses a friend's name when referring or speaking to the friend
2. The child can brush his teeth with some help
3. The child can dress himself up completely and correctly without help except for tying shoe laces and buttoning or zipping the back of dresses
4. When shown a picture card of a circle, the child can draw a figure approximating a circle that is closed or very nearly closed
5. When shown a picture card of a cross, the child can copy and draw the two intersecting lines of the cross.
6. When shown a picture card of a square, the child can copy and draw a square with straight lines and with 4 square corners.
7. When asked to draw a picture of a boy or a girl, the child can draw at least 3 or 6 parts of a person.
8. The child can rote count from 1 to 10 in correct sequence.
9. The child knows the functions of 3 objects, cup, pencil, chair and can give the correct answer.
10. The child can name at least 3 colours correctly when shown coloured blocks in red, blue, green and yellow one at a time.
11. The child can jump breadth-wise across a piece of A4 size paper, without landing on the paper.
12. The child can peddle a tricycle.
13. The child can hop at least 2 times in a row, on one foot, without holding to any support.
14. The child is becoming toilet-trained in bowel control.
15. The child is also becoming toilet-trained in urine control in the day and night.
16. The child is able to sit through
17. The child is able to follow simple instructions
18. The child understands and take turns when playing
*Adapted from Singapore's School Health Service 1993
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